Hill Family History

Hill Family History

 

Dappie May and Lemuel Hill

HISTORY OF THE FAMILY OF

Lemuel B. Hill & Dappie May Cornelius Hill

Compiled April 1971

by Hazel Hill Lister

The early Hill family were landowners in Tennessee who had slaves.  Nothing is known about them prior to the time they moved to Kansas and homesteaded around Emporia.  The children of that family were:

1.  Winkfield Marion (oldest)

2.  Will - Lived at Udal, KS.  Children: Perry, Mattie (Watson) who lived in Winfield and Albert who lived at Rock, KS.

3.  Caroline (Jenkins)

4.  Serena, lived at Winfield, KS - died when a young woman.

5.  Tom

Winkfield Marion Hill was born August 25, 1846; married Delilah Ann Pitzer at Bazaar, KS; died February 22, 1930.

Margaret Ellen Rodman (Pitzer) (Adams) (Bond) - mother of Delilah Ann Pitzer.  Born in Milwaukee, WI; married to Joseph Pitzer, Joseph Adams and a Mr. Bond.  Her father was a dairy farmer who had six daughters, but no sons.  He needed a son to help on his dairy farm of 40 acres, so he went to New York to the “Foreign Settlement”, a place where immigrants who had no place to go were taken and provided for until they could be located.  There Mr. Rodman found two young boys, about 10 and 12 years of age: Henry and Joseph Mann Pitzer, born in Berlin, Germany, orphaned at the dock while waiting passage for America when both parents became sick with some kind of mysterious ailment and died.  The boys were allowed to stow away on the boat and arrived in America without anyone who knew them to look after them, so were taken to the “Foreign Settlement.”  Mr. Rodman took Joseph Pitzer home with him to work for him at his dairy farm, provided for him but never adopted him.  Nothing is known about how Henry Pitzer fared.

Joseph Pitzer married Margaret Ellen Rodman at Milwaukee, moved to Green Falls, Wisconsin and after Jane was born, moved to Iowa with an oxen team - no horses were available as the government had taken all horses for army use.  Joseph Pitzer and Margaret Ellen Rodman had three children, then settled on Kansas territory near Cottonwood Falls.

Note:  Margaret Ellen Rodman had a sister, Elizabeth, who married Brigham Young, the leader of the Mormons after the murder of Joseph Smith, the founder, who had settled first in Arkansas or Missouri.  The Mormons were rejected by the people there because of their beliefs and especially their polygamy and moved to Salt Lake City.  Elizabeth RodmanYoung was visiting her family one time when Margaret Ellen was also visiting, and had taken her grand daughter, Rena Kimberlin, with her.  Elizabeth Young told Rena her relatives didn’t want her (Rena) to know who she was because they were ashamed of her marriage to Brigham Young.  (Information above contributed by Rena Kimberlin).

Children born to Margaret Ellen Rodman and Joseph Pitzer & Joseph Adams, were:

1.  Mann Pitzer

2.  Jane Pitzer (Wiggins)

3.  Delilah Ann Pitzer - Married Winkfield Marion Hill (see p. 3)

4.  Christopher Pitzer - A bachelor who always lived with and took care of Grandma Bond; raised Rena after her mother died.  He was engaged to Rene Cornelius when she died from Bright’s disease at age 21.  Rena Kimberlin has the locket Chris gave Rene Cornelius which she returned to him before she died.

5.  Estella Salome (Aunt Stell) Pitzer - married Jim Kimberlin.  Lived at El Dorado, KS.  Children:

  a.  Joe Kimberlin - married Sara Melinda (Sadie) Kimberlin

  b.  Maggie

  c.  Mark

  d.  Rena - Valley Center, KS

Estella died shortly after Rena’s birth from milkleg - she was a close friend of Rene Cornelius.  Rena Kimberlin married Paul Kennedy, lives at Valley Center, KS (he worked at Cessna; she was a nurse).  Both retired.  A son, Neal, lives in California.

6.  Nancy Pitzer - married John Adams, stepson of Grandma Bond’s and son of her second husband, Joe Adams.  Had following children:

  a.  Anthony Adams (had13 children)

  b.  Stella

  c.  Eunice

  d.  Bert

  e.  Densie

  f.  Millie

Aunt Nancy delivered Aunt Maude Margaret Hill when she was born in Butler Co, 3 miles north of Potwin on Ned Rogers farm.

7.  Lyman Pitzer - Married - one daughter (Edith Cox) lived in Wichita and worked there, lived with Aunt Maude a short time - had a retarded son.

8.  Joe Adams - Married Rena Corfman - children:

  a.  Gerald - was deputy sheriff of Cowley Co.

  b.  Mary - a registered nurse - lives in El Dorado

  c.  Son - name unknown

Both Joseph Pitzer and Joe Adams died. When Joe Adams died of typhoid fever, Grandma Bond always doctored her family with Indian herbs and root medicines, but did not use these remedies for Joe Adams, because (according to Rena Kimberlin) she thought it was illegal for her to use Indian remedies, so they had a doctor but he did not survive the fever.  At Grandma Bond’s death, July 4, 1911, one shelf in her pantry off her kitchen was filled with herbs and roots she had collected for making medicines, but she never told anyone how to use them or make them into medicines.

After Adams’ death, Margaret Ellen Rodman Pitzer Adams married a man by the name of Bond - this was not a long marriage, produced no children and ended in divorce.  Grandma Bond also raised a girl by the name of Alice Vann (born about 1881) but never adopted her.  She recently died in California.

Grandma Bond had fiery red hair and a temper to match.  (She and Chris Pitzer were both strict disciplinarians and when Rena went to live with them, she was severely disciplined and punished a lot - Aunt Maude felt sorry for her.)

At Grandma Bond’s death, she left almost all of her estate to Christopher and Joe Adams and left $100 each to all of the Kimberlin children; she left only $1.00 to Delilah and Winkfield Hill because she claimed she had helped them with money along the years and had given them a team of horses.

Delilah Ann Pitzer married Winkfield Hill and after two miscarriages, the following nine children were born:

1.  Charles Marion - Killed at Kelso, Washington while working in lumber camp at ate 17 and buried there.

2.  Nora Ann - Married and divorced - nothing known of this marriage.  Then married Ed Kamerer (brother of Cliff Hill’s wife) and had two children:

  a.  Mamie Kamerer (White) - lives in Washington state.

  b.  William Kamerer - lives in Wyoming - after service in World War I worked for Government as    ranger.

3.  Clifford Adelbert - married three times.  First wife had a stroke, was paralyzed and her family took her home to care for her until she died.  His second marriage was to a real old lady, Mary Berry, who made the Cherokee Strip run into Oklahoma and staked out a claim.  She died; Cliff got the claim which he later sold, then married Emma Kamerer.  Two children were born:

  a. Clarence - now lives someplace in Missouri, has a son on the police force in St. Louis.

  b.  Edna Hill Praccia (husband was on police force in St. Louis, Mo., now dead.)  She lives in St. Louis and is in contact with Aunt Maude and Zelma Strader.

Cliff Hill was in the restaurant business both here in Wichita where he lived for some years, and in St. Louis.

4. Cora Ann - Married William Hampton - had four children:

  a.  Roy - lived at Harper for some time but present whereabouts not known. (Retarded mentally).

  b.  Florence - married Clifford Peck, one son, Clifford, Jr. who after military service was placed     in mental institution.  Then married Jack Pittman, and had one daughter, Joyce Ann, who has four children, used to live on a farm near Neosho, Missouri and now lives in Tulsa, OK. Born 6/2/1898.

  c.  Pearl Hampton - Married Ed White, now living in Kansas City, MO - no children.  Twin of Earl.

  d.  Earl - Died at age 8 - buried in potters field Highland Cemetery, Wichita, KA.  Twin of Pearl.

5.  Lemuel B. - Born April 11, 1876, died Feb. 19. 1951.  Married to Dappie May Cornelius in 1897 - Feb. 28th in a new church at Potwin, KA. (Christian Church) - Children: Two miscarriages and 3 daughters:

  a.  Leathie - born 1/7/1901; married Harry Falk, six children: lived in Edinburg, TX

    (1) Bill - died after military service in World War I.

    (2) Lucille - married Tess Blackwell, 6 children, lives in Pharr, TX

      (a) Luella Jo

      (b) Mary Lou

      (c) John

      (d) Joe

      (e) Betty

      (f) Barbara

    (3) Lois - married Gerald Ledford, lives in Tomball, TX, 3 boys, 1 girl.

      (a) Jerry

      (b) Jim

      (c) Don

      (d) Susan

    (4) Phyllis - married Paul Tisdell, minister who died, then she married Jack Scott and live in La Vernia, TX.  Has two sons.

      (a) J. Paul

      (b) Philip

    (5) Elizabeth - married Albert Reed III; lives in San Antonio, TX.; has 3 sons.

      (a) Albert

      (b)

      (c) William

    (6) Margaret - married William Bishop, live in Edinburg, TX; 3 daughters and one son.

      (a) Cindy

      (b) Debbie

      (c) Jeanne

      (d) Scott

  b.  Lela - Born October 1, 1903; married Winfred Turner (deceased 1960) has twin sons and one daughter; lived in Edinburg, TX.  Died 6/14/91.

    (1) Jim - married Rosalie Sheridan; 2 sons and 1 daughter.

      (a) Carolyn Grace

      (b) Robert Wayne

      (c) Philip Sheridan

    (2) John - married Sherry Zier, 1 daughter, Jeanette Marie

    (3) Patricia - married Winfield Sterling; 2 sons and 1 daughter

      (a) James David

      (b) Brian Winfield

      (c) Ellen Beth

  c.  Hazel - Born 9/21/1905; married Glenn Lister, lives in Wichita, KS - no children.

The Winkfield Hill family lived at Udall, KS and L. B. went to school three years at the Green Valley School.  He ran away from home when he was 12 and lived for a time with Grandma Bond.  He married Dappie May Cornelius and they lived on a farm in Plum Grove (north and east about 3 miles).  Lemuel wrote his mother before the first child was born and told her Dappie’s apron strings were getting short!  After Leathie was born, Grandma and Grandpa Hill, Sadie and Maude went to visit them.  They lived in a small run-down house, about 3 rooms, but it was neat and clean.  Dappie had papered the bedroom and kitchen with newspaper which was common practice in those days because wall paper wasn’t available.  (Grandma Bond’s privy was papered with newspapers, too).  Dappie’s kitchen was a lean-to.  They stayed all night and had breakfast of bacon and eggs.  Grandpa Hill was a big egg eater and Dappie had fixed him only one egg and he was unhappy about it and said something to Lem about it so he told Dappie to fry him another egg.  Dappie wouldn’t fry another egg for him because she was going to take those eggs to town!

Lemuel B. was between 8 and 10 years old when his family moved to Washington, but they didn’t stay out there very long, and after Charlie’s death returned to Kansas.  His death was due to a logging accident.

When Lemuel ran away from home at about 12 years of age, he went to live with Grandma Bond near Potwin where he secured work on nearby farms and later at a party met Dappie Cornelius whose parents had come from Illinois (George Cornelius and Mary Sevilla Foulk) in a covered wagon and suffered through many rough years, including the grasshopper plague.  Their homestead farm was located near Potwin and Whitewater, KS.  After a courtship, aided by exchange of messages through children going to school, they were married in the Christian Church at Potwin on February 28, 1897.  Dappie had been employed by a family at Peabody, KS nearby doing housework, and spent all her pay money for material for her wedding dress when the lady she worked for decided she no longer needed her services.  Stranded there with no money, only the material for her wedding dress, she luckily found a ride to her folks home with a farmer in a spring wagon.

Their marriage was the first in the new Christian Church at Potwin - Lemuel was late for the wedding, so the minister would not charge a fee for his services.  After the wedding, they went to the home of friends where everyone gathered for a big supper.  They bought a new horse and buggy, called the mare “Deck”, and would drive to Udall to visit the Hill family.  At first Deck had a beautiful, long tail but after many trips the tail became short and stubby. Lem explained that Deck switched it off on the dashboard of the buggy.  Lem worked after their marriage on a ranch for J. D. Joseph; later they moved to Newton where he worked for the AT&SF Railroad in the roundhouse; then to Florence, KS where he still worked for the railroad. After some years there, they moved to Provident City, TX, near Houston, to farm but after a year or so returned to KS and settled at Hutchinson, KS where he worked for a boiler making foundry - it was hard labor and shortly after WW I, about 1919, he quit and rented a farm near Castleton, KS, owned by Grabers of Hutchinson.  After a year or two, this venture didn’t work out and they returned to Hutchinson where he again worked for the railroad until 1928.  In 1928 he quit, sold the home at 801 C. Street in Hutchinson and a wheat farm near Plains, KS, also much of the household belongings, and moved to a 10 acre farm near Edinburg, TX, about a mile from the farm where Leathie and her family had already settled.  After building a house there, and a crop failure for several years, he went to work for the Water Company of Hidalgo County; also worked on a tractor cultivating orchards.  After quitting that job - it was hard work, hot sun and he was getting too old for such hard work, especially after having had trouble with his eye in about 1934 when the doctors at San Antonio said he had cancer, but apparently he didn’t as they thought he would live only about two years; he then got a job driving a school bus which he held for several years until, due to poor eyesight and failure to pass his physical examination, he retired.

During the early years of the marriage after Leathie’s birth, they journeyed in a covered wagon to Oklahoma (where Cliff and his wife Mary Berry lived) to try to find work.  They endured many hardships including floods and rains; Leathie was sick with pneumonia, and they could not find work.  They were forced to return to Kansas and on the way stopped at the home of Lizzie Hill Fulton where Lemuel asked for a loan of enough money to see them through until he could find work, but the request was denied, and they then came to Newton where he found work on the railroad.

In Lemuel’s last years after he could no longer work, he was in poor health, spoke of a longing to return to Kansas. The last time he was in KS was about 1945 when they visited Hazel and Glenn who then lived in Kansas City, went back by way of Wichita and attended a family reunion at Maude’s home, 915 West Central, before returning home.  Lemuel died at home in 1951; Dappie remained there until her death Nov. 9, 1969 while visiting Hazel and Glenn in Wichita, Kansas.

6.  Elizabeth Belle Fulton - Born in 1880, died 1964, buried at Anthony, KS married Mr. Fulton; farmer, two daughters:

  a.  Zelma - Married Russell Strader; had 5 children

    (1) Jimmie - operates bulk Standard Oil Service stations and farm stores at Wellington and Argonia, KA - has 2 children.

    (2) he was 21 years old) - one daughter, lives in Wichita (wife Ella May works as secretary for Bd. Of Education).

    (4) Anna (Hill) - lives at Plains KS, husband operates Farmers Union Elevator; has 3 girls and 1 boy.

    (5) Kenneth - bachelor, lives with Zelma at farm near Argonia, KS.  He farms old Grandpa Hill place which belonged to Lizzie and now belongs to Zelma; Zelma retired from Boeing Aircraft Co. and lives on her farm near Argonia.

  b.  Charlotte - Married Clarence Bowersock; lives at Anthony, Kansas; has two children:

    (1) Clarisse Raida lives near Norwich, KS on farm and has 2 children

    (2) Bill, Jr., bachelor, lives with his parents in Anthony, KS, helps his dad farm and also farms his own land.

7.  Ray - died when he was 2 ½ years old.

8.  Sarah Melinda (Sadie) - Married Joe Kimberlin (a cousin) lived at Lapland, KS near Eureka, KS, fed cattle for a banker, then worked for Lizzie for a time.  Had eight children:

  a.  Lila

  b.  Arthur - married but separated, had no children, had a repair shop at Harper, KS. Died 1964.

  c.  Elwood - married 3 times - lives at Peoria, IL

  d.  Louis - married, lives at Red Bluff, CA, a Jehovahs Witness like Sadie - Sadie lived with them for a time.

  e.  Milo - lived on farm at Norwich, KS with wife Viola and one adopted boy.  Died of lung cancer Feb. 1971.

  f.  Evelyn - Lives at Cheney.  Has 7 children - married a farmer.

  g.  Alma (Jessup) - had two girls - died during an emergency appendectomy in 1958.  One daughter married to man with 3 children, lives near Conway Springs, KS.

  h.  Joe, Jr. (Josie) - wife Sylvia, lives in Wichita.  He works at Beech Aircraft - two boys; one in high school, the other of artistic inclination, works in a shoe store in Dallas.

Sadie was born on “Grouse Creek” and after marrying Joe Kimberlin they lived at Lapland, KS, then Argonia, then a rented place at Edna, KS.  They then bought a farm at Dextor and lived there.  After Joe died, Sadie sold the farm, bought a house in Arkansas City, she lost the house there and went to CA to live with Louie.  After that didn’t work out she lived first with one and then the other of the children until her death, at a care home in Conway Springs, KS about 1965.  Sadie always said when she married she wanted a man just like her brother Lemuel.

9.  Maude Margaret - Born Oct. 8, 1887 near Potwin, KS (Plum Grove).  The family moved to Wichita in 1900; she married Sam Deardoff in 1902 (died 1925).  She then married Jack Connaughton in 1928; he died 1945.  She married Hugh Bradfield in 1948 moved to Syracuse, KS and lived there until his death in 1963.  Returned to Wichita in 1966.  Lived at 1717 Woodland, Wichita, KS.  There were no children by any of the marriages.  Maude Margaret married at age 15; worked at a candy factory when 13 years old at $2.50 a week.  Before her marriage she lived with her parents who had moved to Wichita, KS around the turn of the century - 1900.  Sam Deardoff was a carpenter she met while he was working on a nearby house and would come to borrow drinking water from her folks.  Sam died of what was apparently cancer in 1925.  Before his death she had gone to work to support them and after working at the candy factory, she worked at a cracker factory, at the age of 16 years; later at a casket company across from the Broadview Hotel, putting molding on the outside of caskets.  After leaving there around 1913 she worked at Wichita Laundry for a short time, then to Johnson and Larimer, men’s work clothes manufacturers.  While there she was active in union work, helping to organize and represent the workers there.  She was chosen by the Y. W. C. A. Industrial Dept. In 1918 as Industrial Woman of this area and sent to Bryn Marr College (Philadelphia suburb), Pa. and was delegate for women in industry and union organizations in 1918.  After working a Johnson and Larimer, she worked during WW II at Fruhauf Manufacturing Co. making officers uniform coats; then at Langdon Tent and Awning Co. And Arotex.  During these years after Sam Deardoff’s death in 1925, she married Jack Connaughton, a plumbing contractor, Irish Catholic, who liked to fish, and was a sheriff’s deputy.  He was an interesting, likeable and flamboyant character, and had a plumbing shop on East Douglas for many years.  He died in 1945.  Before his death Maude had gone to work as head of the sewing room for the Sedgwick County School for the Blind where she worked 4 or 5 years until she met and married Hugh Bradfield, a water well drilling contractor from Syracuse, KS in 1948.

Aunt Maude and her third Husband, Hugh Bradfield, lived at Syracuse, KS where he did a profitable water well drilling business; she later sold her house at 915 Central to Urban Renewal which was later razed, also another house on Central they had bought; and she lived at Syracuse for 18 years during which time Hugh Bradfield died Dec. 25, 1963.  Maude Margaret sold her property in Syracuse and in 1966 and moved to Wichita where she lived alone at 1717 Woodland, did her own housework, drove her own car (one of the last of the Edsel cars made by Ford Motor Company) and took care of her own business.  She died 1/1/1975 after suffering a stroke and is buried in Wichita, KS

This account of the family history of Lemuel B. Hill is not necessarily perfect and represents accumulated information and facts gathered from various sources, principally Maude Margaret Bradfield and Rene Kimberlin.  While some of the dates and facts may not be exactly accurate, in essence it is basically true, to the best of my knowledge.

Compiled by:

Hazel Hill Lister

1450 Woodland

Wichita, KA 67203

Table of Contents:  https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/6813612681836200616/3382423676443906063?hl=en

John Turner's Life

  John Turner's Life

April 2, 2016

John Turner

 

John felt a sharp pain in his chest and maybe wondered, “is this it?”  He was filling a tire with air in the yard and, as he fell to the ground, may have thought — “Is this all there is to life?  What about my life?  I was a good kid and did mostly what my parents asked of me.  No, I was not a mommy’s boy, but I didn’t drink, smoke or lie.  My parents insisted that I be honest in my dealings with other people, to work hard and go to church.  OK, I did sometimes tease his twin brother Jim or his little sister, Pat.  But it was all just good natured stuff and he never meant any harm.  

While still in High School, I got a job driving a school bus to pick up kids along the muddy or dusty and rough dirt roads of rural Edinburg, TX.  I learned to settle disputes among squabbling kids — but mostly used the wooden paddle I kept up by the driver’s seat to check the tire pressure each morning.  I also learned how to drive on muddy roads after the relatively rare South Texas rains.

After High School, I joined the army where I drove a jeep — chauffeuring Army officers and learning about army discipline.  I learned not to question my superiors and to drive them safely wherever they wished to go.  Some of the lessons I learned carried over for the rest of my life — like my affinity for khaki clothing.  As I lie here, staring at the sky, I am wearing my favorite khaki shirts and pants.  These long-sleeved shirts have been essential for protecting my light, /European skin from the torment of that hot, Texas summer sun.  But, for some reason, I decided not to make a career of the Army and returned to my family home in Edinburg.  I got a two-year degree in Agriculture from Pan American College which then led me to Texas A&M.  There I found Chemistry Class to be more than I bargained for.  So, I returned to Edinburg to seek my fortune.  It was there — in the Methodist Church — where I met this dark-haired girl that I found very attractive.  But my brother, Jim, was bolder than I and ultimately married her and they raised three kids.   

For a while, my brother Jim and I experimented with harvesting wheat in the American bread-belt.  We had relatives in Kansas so we stayed with them sometimes. We ultimately bought a used harvester and used it to harvest grain for farmers in South Texas until it became so worn out that it was no longer fixable. 

Ultimately, I got a job in the USDA Screw Worm factory at the old Moore Field Airbase west of Edinburg.  Male Screwworm flies were irradiated to sterilize them.  Then, when they were released in nature, they mated with wild females which then produced no offspring.  It was one of the few government programs that actually worked.  By rearing, sterilizing and releasing millions of these insects, Screwworms were eradicated across the Southern US and from South Texas.  But wild Screwworms could fly across the Rio Grande from Mexico to reinvest Texas, so the eradication program was extended into Mexico.  I made several trips into Mexico to assist with this program.  The end result is that these flesh-eating Screwworms are no longer a problem in the USA, Mexico, Central America and Islands of the Caribbean.

I met my wife through my mother.  Sherry nursed my mother for some ailment and Mom suggested that I meet her.  We married and produced the “light of my life” in Jeanette — now Jeanette Sterzack.   Jeanette’s husband, Steve, is a great guy and has proven to be a very good choice for a mate.

Later, I was moved to the USDA Lab in Kerrville, TX so we bought a home nearby and made it our permanent residence.   

Seems like everybody now has a computer, maybe I should get one.  But what the heck, I’ve got along OK for all the years without one and I have a perfectly good telephone.  Besides, they simply cost too much and I don’t know how to use one.  I certainly don’t need one to lay-out and sculpt the land for building another RV shed — which is what I’ve done for many years.

Maybe I was not a technology freak but I was a relatively good guy.  I often ate a salami sandwich for lunch and was never overweight.  Self-discipline dominated my life.   If I can be faulted for being essentially an honest, hardworking, freedom loving patriot — then so be it.  I continued working for a living until the day I died — which is right now.  Goodbye, everybody!

Table of Contents:  https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/6813612681836200616/3382423676443906063?hl=en

Tragic Death of Conly Turner

Tragic Death of Conly Turner

 

1914

Conly Turner

Note:  Conly Turner is Pat’s uncle — the older brother of these four.  The following is a newspaper story about the accident near Wellington, KS.

——————————

Conley Turner and Family

Conly Turner Met Death in Pit Silo 1914

Woman and Boy Overcome by Fumes

Boy Fell Into Silo.  Mail Carrier Syers Risks Life to Recover the Bodies

A double tragedy occurred at the farm of U. G Mercer, two miles southwest of Wellington, Saturday afternoon when Miss Sadie Kelly, aged 85 and Conley Turner, aged 21 were killed in a silo which they were helping to clean.  It was a pit, or an underground silo, and was being prepared for the new ensilage.

Miss Kelly, who had been an employee of Mr. Mercer for ten years, and Turner, a neighbor boy, were assisting Mercer to clean the silo.  They had been bringing out the water and juices from the pit by the means of a bucket pulled up by a horse.  The pit was 26 feet deep.  when the water got too low for the bucket to dip, someone had to go down to fill the bucket.  Miss Kelly offered to go down, and after being lowered, she filled the bucket several times.  Suddenly she cried, “Mr. Mercer, haul me out quick.”  The Turner boy stepped over the pit and looked down, evidently to see what the trouble was, and the next instant plunged forward head first.  After he struck bottom he uttered a few feeble cries for “help."

Whether he was overcome by the fumes or accidentally fell it will never be known.  Mr. Mercer, who then was alone on the surface, called to Mrs. Mercer at the house to phone for help.

A small boy and a one-armed man came along within a few minutes but neither would go down in the pit.  Dr. Downing was the next to arrive, followed shortly by C. M. Syers rural carrier on route six.  The Mercer home was the last place served by his route, and seeing from a distance that something was wrong, he hurried forward.  Mr. Syers did not hesitate to offer his services in an effort to rescue the victims of the pit.  He was warned that the fumes were deadly, both the woman and the boy were probably dead, but he said he was ready to go down.

Tying a rope under his arms he was lowered.  He picked up the widow but was forced to drop her.  Sayers was brought out, weak and fainting, but was brave enough to take another attempt.  This time he was tied in the bucket, and given the rope with a loop in it.  He placed the rope around the woman both were drawn out.  Sayers was nearly overcome with the fumes, and it was necessary to let him revive somewhat before going down after the boy.  After a short rest he went down and brought up the boy.

By this time the city pulmotor had arrived in charge of Fire Chief Sunderland.  The victims had been in the pit about 45 minutes, and efforts at resuscitation were unavailing.

There was water and juice in the bottom of the pit to the depth of about 18 inches.  Miss Kelly was first overcome with the fumes from the ensilage and then drowned in the water.  It is believed the boy fell because he was overcome by the fumes, as there was a strong odor of gas coming from the top of the silo.  Mill Kelly was able to work in the pit for a while, so the theory is she had stirred up some ensilage that released a pocket of carbon gas which not infrequently forms in such places.

The body of Miss Kelly was shipped to Concordia, Sunday night where her relatives live.  She had been working for the Mercers for 10 years.  Conley Turner was the son of J. I. Turner, who lives a half mile south of Mercer.  His funeral was held this afternoon at the Baptist church of this city.  (He was laid to rest at Prairie Lawn Cemetery.)

On every hand are heard praises and commendations of Carrier Syers, who was courageous enough to risk his own life in an effort to save others.

------------------------

For table of contents for Win's Blog, check out:

 

https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/6813612681836200616/5906966763579540098

Living In A Park

January 23, 2019

Driveway

Often I wake about 5 AM and wish it was light so I could go for a walk in the woods.  Then, when it becomes light enough to see, I venture out into the woods and begin wandering a few of the two plus miles of man-made paths — listening to and observing nature.  Some of the most common sounds are those of the Barred owl calling “who cooks for you — who cooks for you all”.  Or, the Red-bellied woodpecker’s shrill, rolling kwirr or hoarse caws, rattles, and clicks of a crow.  But, it is also the silence of living in the country that I crave.  When it is particularly silent, I can hear an approaching breeze when it makes rustling sounds in nearby treetops.  I watch the ground as I walk because Pat and I have seen many snakes over the years but I have little fear of them — unless a rare, large Timber Rattlesnake is observed in the path.  I try to estimate the size of the deer or pig that made the fresh tracks or the size of the deer antlers that scraped the bark off of a small River Birch.  For many years, beavers lived in our creek and I could observe their overnight efforts at harvesting trees and shrubs.  I watch for the ever-changing species of mushrooms, wildflowers, birds, and leaf color of the many tree species.  But, almost every day, I visit Wickson Creek that borders our park because it often functions as a highway for fish, water snakes, birds, and occasional River Otters.

Dogwood Color

I think of this walk as therapy for all my imaginary and sometimes real ills.  The woods is where I feel calm and happy.  Sometimes, I listen to a book on tape when I walk but usually prefer the quiet and the sounds of nature.

For many years, Pat and I lived full-time in a motorhome where we frequently stayed in National, State, County, city and private RV parks.  It was a good life and we greatly enjoyed many adventures in these parks and saw lots of wildlife.

One of these private parks is this one that I hike so often and that we own.  It was our decision when we bought our 20 acres of woodlands near Bryan, TX that we would not farm or ranch our land or commercialize it in any way.  We bought it over 48 years ago with the intention of keeping it as natural as possible while enjoying its recreational features.  It has always been heavily wooded so it did not really have enough grass for a herd of cattle, but there was plenty of forage for deer, squirrels, armadillos, possums, rabbits, snakes and such.  My older brother Bruce suggested that I clear the forest and plant pecan trees, but I had a full-time job of teaching/research so was not interested in such a venture.  Not in my private park!

Over the years — without really noticing it — our woods became thicker with small trees of especially Yaupon.   The history of this land is that back in the 1860s, much of this land was likely planted in cotton so our acres were likely a plowed field during the Civil War.  But the soil was not particularly suited for row crops so it was abandoned to pastures.  Then, it was the classic case of old-field succession where animals and wind brought in seeds that grew into trees.  The largest and oldest trees have about 100 tree rings which indicate their age starting from about WW I.  

Yaupon Berries

In recent years, I began to realize that keeping these acres “natural”, was not really natural at all.  The reason being that this land is classified as a Post Oak Savannah and one of the characteristics a savannah is that wildfires started by native Indians or lightening killed much of Yaupon, small trees, and other underbrush every once in a while — keeping much of it as open grassland.  Now, our acres are fenced and forest fires are feared and rare.  Consequently, the underbrush has grown largely unimpeded until it has become an almost impenetrable thicket in places -- especially when several species of brier and grape vines add to the mix. 

Pat on a fallen tree

Anyway, that’s my working hypothesis that now provides the justification for interfering in this natural succession by murdering the yaupon with a chainsaw rather than killing it with wildfire.  But of course, building a driveway into the middle of the property and plopping a little house into the middle of it also violates our “natural” goal — but at least we did not bulldoze the whole park.  I strongly resist hiring a bulldozer to clear the underbrush, because a dozer driver cannot recognize unexpected plant species that I may wish to protect.  While clearing with a chainsaw, I have recognized unusual species like the Texas sophora, Black cherries, River birch, Possumhaw, Honey locust, Basswood, etc. and made efforts to save them.  I also need the exercise provided by this work and prefer this exercise to working out in an expensive gym.  Besides, I enjoy work.

Honey Locust

We had many very large trees that were barely visible because their view was obstructed by underbrush.  To see them, it was often necessary to force our way through the underbrush until we were under a tree — then look up to see it.  But, in 2011 a drought proved to be the driest on record and many of our trees died.  It was very distressful to see the leaves on these once healthy trees turn brown and fall.  Some of these trees started falling the first year after the drought and now — eight years later — some of these trees are still falling and create a considerable fire hazard of dry wood.  When the largest and tallest trees fall, they leave a hole in the canopy that allows the sun to penetrate down into the lower canopy of Yaupon which then can grow much faster.  It also allows the sun to reach the ground where new seedlings now get more sunshine which improves their chances of survival.  But maybe best of all, these openings in the woods provide a much better view of the large, beautiful, sturdy trees that survived the drought.

Glade in the forest

Redbud

What appeared at the time to be a major ecological disaster proved to be something of a blessing.  It made me realize that we not only had too many Yaupons but also far too many upper canopy trees.  Now, when I saw up and burn an old, dead tree, I also remove much of the surrounding shrubbery which then allows long dormant seeds of Bluestem grass, Indian grass, and Bluebonnets to sprout.  Or, it provides an opening for planting a Bald cypress or some other tree or shrub.  So, the species composition of our savannah is changing from what was almost of semi —monocultures of Post oak and Yaupon thickets, to a much more interesting, diverse and open ecosystem.  Interestingly, Eastern red cedar survived the drought much better than the oaks and elms, so there are many more cedars than there once were.  We have also added a vegetable garden, a small fruit orchard, and more open spaces and trails while still having an abundance of forest.

Bamboo

Dogwood

Species that can be found In this forest include Post oaks, Pin oaks, Water oaks, Live oaks, Blackjack oaks, Winged elm, American elm, Sugarberry, Cedar elm, Dogwoods, Redbuds, American holly, Yaupon, River birch, American basswood, Black cherry, Honey locust, Trumpet vine, Wicker, American beautyberry, Farkleberries, Rusty blackhaw, Texas sophora, Possumhaw, Mexican plum, Red Mulberry, Pignut hickory, Mockernut hickory, Eastern red cedar, White ash, Swamp privet, Hercules club,  Mustang grapes, Muscadine grapes, Pepper vine, Passionflower, Turkscap, Coralberry, Saw brier, Laurel brier, Bristly brier, Bush palmetto, Sycamore, Loblolly pine, Bamboo, Texas sumac, Chinese tallow, Common Persimmon, Hawthorn, and — of course — Poison ivy.   We also have lists of birds that we have seen.

So, much like government and private parks who justify building roads and constructing buildings and RV hookups onto this semi-natural landscape, we too decided to improve upon this “nature”.  

Our park is located on a bend in Wickson Creek so I have flirted with the idea of renaming it “Wickson Bend” to replace the “Woodvine” name — but it makes little difference so the old name will stay.  But, the “bend” in the creek means that at the middle of the bend, floods wash at our high bank causing it to erode.  Thus, I’m losing some of my park every year to the benefit of someone downstream.  However, we are gaining some bank at the end of the bend so maybe it all balances out.

Wickson Creek

We obviously have a deep affection for this park and wish to remain here as long as feasible.  Our kids have enjoyed it too over the years, but they all live far away and will have little interest in maintaining it after we are gone.  So, it will be sold and the next owners will decide whether to keep it as their park or clear it for apartments.  Oh well!

Holly

Visitors welcome!

Table of Contents:  https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/6813612681836200616/3382423676443906063?hl=en

Woodvine Ecological Preserve

Woodvine Ecological Preserve

1997

For those of you who are new to the informal family email group (any suggestions for a name, or will a name make it a formal group?), Pat and I are currently living on 20 acres of woodlands, located 10 miles out of Bryan, TX along Wickson Creek.  In the past we have referred to it as our “farm.”  

We have decided to designate our “farm” as an ecological preserve.  Henceforth, we will refer to it as the “Woodvine Ecological Preserve.”  For the sake of brevity, it will be Woodvine in our communications.  This designation was thought to be useful for a couple of reasons.  It is not a farm in any sense of the word - it is not cropped or grazed and is not a tree farm because we do not harvest the trees.  It has functioned as an ecological preserve for many years - we do not allow any hunting or fishing and have attempted to keep it as natural as possible.  The exception is that we have opened the woods enough to allow a driveway and a small open area where our motorhome resides.  We are serviced by both electricity and telephone but have no city water supply or septic facilities.  We drive our motorhome into College Station about every 9 days to fill up our water tank and dump sewage.   

We have submitted an application for an “agricultural appraisal for ecological laboratory” through the Brazos County Appraisal Office.  According to the Texas State Property Tax Board, land used principally as an ecological laboratory may qualify for an agricultural appraisal.  Our taxes have been higher than those of our farming neighbors because our land has been appraised as “recreational land.”  We find this very odd, that land that has been bulldozed, overgrazed, eroded due to cultivation, and polluted with agricultural chemicals should have lower tax rates than land that is being preserved in its natural condition.  Therefore, we were happy to find this “ecological laboratory” option.  Whether the county appraisers will agree with us remains to be seen.

The word “Woodvine” was chosen because it provides a short description of the site.  The flora is dominated by heavy woods and an abundance of vines.  Although we have a few neighbors, most of the time we can hear no sounds of human activities.  The exceptions are an occasional airplane or auto on the gravel road about 900' from our motorhome location.  On the other hand, we are only 10 miles from libraries, a mall, a university, medical facilities, friends, local TV stations, and all the facilities that we sometimes miss when staying at remote locations such as Yellowstone or Denali National Parks.

During the last couple of years, we have traveled extensively over the USA, Canada, and some into Mexico.  But, now our travels are on hold while Pat is taking radiotherapy for breast cancer.  We hope to resume travels within a month or so, returning to Woodvine for a few months every year.

The woods are currently alive with insects and birds.  In the last week, we have seen what are questionably some of the most beautiful wild birds of North America.  Indigo buntings, northern cardinals, rose-breasted grosbeaks, summer tanagers, northern orioles, and painted buntings provide brilliant colors to this green world.  Thought we were hearing robins until we saw our first summer tanager.  Pat hears the birds better than I do, but I tend to see them more often, so we make a good birding team. 

Wishing you health and happiness.

Table of Contents:  https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/6813612681836200616/3382423676443906063?hl=en

Biographical Sketch

CURRICULUM VITA

December 19, 2016

WINFIELD L. STERLING

Professor, Department of Entomology

Texas A&M University

(Updated 7/14/93)

PERSONAL INFORMATION:

     Born: September 18, 1936 Iphone 979-218-2940

     Height: 175 cm

     Weight: 67.5 kg                         

     Health: Excellent

     Address:  9505 Weedon Loop, Bryan, TX

     Marital Status: Married, 3 children

EDUCATION:

     B.A., 1962, Pan American College

     M.S., 1966; Ph.D., 1969, Texas A&M University

     Post Ph.D., 1975-76, University of Queensland, Australia.

PROFESSIONAL INTERESTS:

     Systems science

     Integrated pest management

     Insects of cotton

     Predation

     Pest-Plant Modeling 

     Ecological Economics

     

EXPERIENCE:

1993 Professor Emeritus, Texas A&M University

1980-93  Professor of Entomology, Texas A&M University

1976-80   Associate Professor of Entomology, Texas A&M University

1975-76      Post Doctoral Fellow, University of Queensland, Australia

1973-75  Associate Professor of Entomology, Texas A&M University

1969-73  Assistant Professor of Entomology, Texas A&M University

RESEARCH PROGRAM GOALS:

     The development and evaluation of tactics and strategies for use in the management of cotton arthropod pests and their enemies is a primary goal of the position.  The biology, ecology and population dynamics of arthropod pests and their natural enemies are studied in attempts to develop forecasting and descriptive models of the life systems of these organisms in a holistic ecosystem context. The objective is to develop improved management tactics that utilize indi­genous mortality agents in a compatible manner with other tactics such as cultural manipulations, classical biological control agents or any combination of these tactics that will result in the suppression or maintenance of pests below action levels.  The ultimate aim is to improve cotton pro­duction by minimizing insect damage and optimizing profits while maintaining a wholesome environment with minimal use of chemicals dangerous to man and other nontarget organisms.

PROFESSIONAL AND HONOR ORGANIZATIONS:

1.  Society of Sigma XI

2.  American Association for the Advancement of Science

3.  Southwestern Branch Entomological Society of America

4.  American Registry for Professional Entomologists (Charter member)

  5.  Ecological Society of America

AWARDS:

1. Post-doctoral fellowship to study at the University of Queensland in Australia during 1975-76.

2. Photography: (1) Entomological Society of Canada - Honorable mention in photo contest for Nezara viridula, 1978.  (2) Entomological Society of America - Honorable mention in photo contest for wheel bug, Arilus crist­atus (L.) preying on bollworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie) larvae.  (3) Photograph used on cover of Farmer-Stock­man- November, 1978 issue.  (4) 2 photos used in 1978 TAES Annual Report.  (5) Fire ant photo accepted for use by Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia.  (6) assisted photographer, National Geographic Magazine, Fred Ward, in taking photos for use in "The Pesticide Dilemma" by A. Boraiko. 1980. Vol. 157:145-83.  (7) Best storytelling slide of ESA National Photo Salon 1980 (Peoria Color Award).  (8) Best slide of 1980 Pacific Coast ESA Photo Salon by ESA member "Pieris rapae egg".  (9) Best slide of 1981 Pacific Coast ESA Photo Salon by ESA member "Zelus assassin bug feeding on a bollworm".

3.  Who's Who in American Colleges and Universities; Who's Who in the South and Southwest, American Men and Women of Science; Personalities of the South.

4. Central Texas Chapter of ARPE 1981 award for category II (Ecology and Population Dynamics) and nominated for National award.

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES:

A.  International Program Activities:

1. AID advisor in insect pest management to Egypt, July 2-14, 1974.

2.  IICA/EMBRAPA consultancy to evaluate the Brazilian national cotton pest management research program.  June - August 1980.

3.  CICP/AID consultancy to Nicaragua to evaluate the hazards associ­ated with integrated school complexes in Nicaragua, January 11-25, 1981.

4.   Scientist Exchange Program to China, November 13-26, 1988.

5. CICP/NARP cooperative research project in Egypt, starting September 1990 and lasting for 2 years.

B.  Entomological Society of America

1. Chairman, National Memorial Lectures Standing Committee 1988-89.

C.  American Registry of Professional Entomologists, President, Central Texas Chapter 1974-75.

GRADUATE AND POST GRADUATE STUDENT SUPPORT:

Post Ph.D.  

  Tom Holtzer - Department Head, University of Colorado

  Santin Gravena - Entomological Faculty, Universidad Estadual Paulista at Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil

  Wijesiri Danthanarayana - Senior Lecturer, La Trobe Univer­sity, Vic­toria, Australia

Ph.D.      

  Merle Shepard - Director of Research, South Carolina Experiment Station Substation

  Edward Pieters - Formerly with Entomology Faculty, Missis­sippi State University now with Nor Am. Inc.

  Mike Gaylor - Entomology Faculty, Auburn University

  Lyndon Almand - Field Research Representative, Chemagro

  Sidney McDaniel - Research & Development, FMC

 Joseph E. Eger, Jr. - Technical Representative, Dow Chem. Corp. Outstanding Graduate Student in the SW Branch of ESA  for 1981

 Gregg Nuessly - Entomology Faculty, University of Florida, Belglade, Outstanding Graduate Student in the SW Branch of ESA for 1986

  Randy Martin - USDA Tifton, GA, Outstanding Graduate Student of SW Branch of ESA for 1988

  Robert G. Breene - Research Associate, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Weslaco, Texas.       

 Davy Jones - Outstanding M.S. student award, 1978-79 by Association of Former Students, TAMU. Outstanding           Graduate  Student in the SW Branch of ESA for 1979.  Now with Entomol­ogy faculty at Univ. of Kentucky

  Charles Agnew - Private business in Indiana

  Mike Rothrock - County Agent, San Patricio County 

  Joe Reilly - BASF Corporation, New Jersey.  

  David Fillman - High School Principal in Houston.

  Melinda Sturm - Extension Agent for Oklahoma Agricultural Extension Service

  Roxanne Montandon - Research Associate, Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Vernon, Texas.   

  Beverly Burden - Working on Ph.D. at University of Wisconsin, Madison

  Scott Stewart - Working on Ph.D. at Auburn University

M. Agr.    

  Samuel Quaison-Sackey - Now with Cotton Development Board, Ghana, Africa

Visiting Scientists  

  Bruce Pyke - Dept. of Entomology, University of Queensland, Austra­lia

  Xian Yian Xie - Shaanxi Academy of Agricultural Science, People's Republic of China

  Martin Nyffeler - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland

  Hu Wenxiu - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China

  Benjamin Legaspi - University of the Phillipines, Los Banos.

  Nabil Mohammed Ab El-Salam Zaki - Plant Protection Research Inst., Dokki, Egypt

  Mohammed Nabil Shaaban - Plant Protection Research Inst., Dokki, Egypt.

  Dr. Hussein Youssef - Plant Protection Research Inst., Dokki, Egypt.

PUBLICATIONS:

Refereed Publications:

(1) Sterling, W. L., S. G. Wellso, P. L. Adkisson, & H. W. Dorough. 1965.  A cottonseed-meal diet for laboratory cultures of the boll weevil. J. Econ. Entomol. 58:867-869.

(2) Sterling, W. L., & P. L. Adkisson. 1966.  An artifi­cial diet for laboratory cultures of boll weevil larvae and adults. J. Econ. Entomol. 59:1074-1077.

(3) Sterling, W. L., & P. L. Adkisson. 1970.  Seasonal rates of increase for a population of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, in the high and rolling plains of Texas. Ann.  Entomol. Soc. Amer.  63:1696-1700.

(4) Sterling, W. L. 1971.  Winter survival of the boll weevil in the high and rolling plains of Texas.  J. Econ. Entomol. 64:39-41.

(5) Sterling, W. L. 1972.  Photoperiodic sensitivity in the ontogeny of the boll weevil.  Environ. Entomol. 1:568-571.

(6) Shepard, M., & W. Sterling. 1972.  Incidence of parasi­tism of Heliothis spp.  (Lepidoptera: Noctui­dae) in some cotton fields of Texas. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 65:759-­760.

(7) Shepard, M., W. Sterling, & J. K. Walker, Jr. 1972.  Abundance of beneficial arthropods on cotton genotypes. Environ. Entomol. 1:117-121.

(8) Pieters, E. P., & W. L. Sterling. 1973.  Inferences on the dispersion of cotton arthropods in Texas.  Environ. Entomol. 2:863-867.

(9) Pieters, E. P., & W. L. Sterling. 1974.  A sequen­tial sampling plan for the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus. Environ. Entomol. 3:102-106.

(10) Pieters, E. P., & W. L. Sterling. 1974.  Aggregation indices of cotton arthropods in Texas.  Environ. Entomol. 3:598-600.

(11) Pieters, E. P., & W. L. Sterling. 1975.  Sequential sampling cotton squares damaged by boll weevils or Heliothis spp. in the coastal bend of Texas. J. Econ. Entomol. 68:543-545.

(12) Casey, J. E., R. D. Lacewell, & W. Sterling. 1975.  An example of economically feasible opportunities for reducing pesticide use in commercial agriculture. J. Environ. Qual. 4:60-64.

(13) Gaylor, M. J., & W. L. Sterling. 1975.  Effects of temperature on the development, egg production, and survival of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus.  Environ. Entomol.  4:487-490.

(14) Sterling, W. L. 1975.  Discussion of pest management session.  In Symposium on managing terrestrial ecosys­tems. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Aust. 5:10-12.

(15) Gaylor, M. J., & W. L. Sterling. 1976.  Development, survival, and fecundity of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), on several host plants. Environ. Entomol. 5:55-58.

(16) Sterling, W. L. 1976.  Sequential decision plans for the management of cotton arthropods in South-east Queensland. Aust. J. Ecol. 1:265-274.

(17) Teetes, G. L., & W. L. Sterling. 1976. A sequential sampling plan for a white grub in grain sorghum.  Southwest. Entomol. 1:118-121.

(18) Almand, L. K., W. L. Sterling, & C. L. Green. 1977.  Timing of control measures for Pseudatomoscelis seriatus to reduce overwintering egg numbers. J. Econ. Entomol. 70:202-204.

(19) Gaylor, M. J., & W. L. Sterling. 1977.  Photoperio­dic induction and seasonal incidence of embryonic dia­pause in the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 70:893-897.

(20) Pieters, E. P., C. E. Gates, J. H. Matis, & W. L. Sterling. 1977.  Small sample comparison of different estimators of negative binomial  parameters.  Biometrics  33:718-723.

(21) Jones, D., & W. L. Sterling.  1978.  Locomotory acti­vity and distribu­tion of overwintering boll weevils in East Texas leaf litter.  South­west. Entomol.  3:315-321.

(22) McDaniel, S. G., L. L. Keeley, & W. L. Sterling.  1978.  Radiolabeling Heliothis virescens eggs by 32P injection of adult females.  Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer.  71:432-434.

(23) Pieters, E. P., S. Y. Young, W. C. Yearian, W. L. Sterling, D. F. Clower, D. R. Melville, & F. R. Gilliland, Jr.  1978.  Efficacy of microbial pesticides and chlordimeform mixtures for control of Heliothis spp. on cotton.  Southwest. Entomol.  3:237-240.

(24) Sterling, W. L.  1978.  Fortuitous biological suppres­sion of the boll weevil by the red imported fire ant.  Environ. Entomol.  7:564-568.

(25) Sterling, W. L., & P. L. Adkisson.  1978.  Population dynamics of the boll weevil inhabiting the high and rolling plains of Texas.  Environ. Entomol.  7:439-444.

(26) Jones, D., & W. L. Sterling.  1979.  Manipulation of red imported fire ants in a trap crop for boll weevil suppression.  Environ. Entomol.  8:1073-1077.

(27) Jones, D., & W. L. Sterling.  1979.  Rate and thresholds of boll weevil locomotory activity in response to temperature.  Environ. Entomol.  8:874-878.

(28) Jones, D., & W. L. Sterling.  1979.  Temperature thresholds for spring emergence and flight of the boll weevil.  Environ. Entomol.  8:1118-1122.

(29) McDaniel, S. G., & W. L. Sterling.  1979.  Predator determination and efficiency on Heliothis virescens eggs in cotton using 32P.  Environ. Entomol. 8:1083-1087.

(30) Sterling, W. L., & A. W. Hartstack.  1979.  Emergence threshold with validations for forecasting the spring emergence of cotton fleahoppers.  Environ. Entomol.  8:649-654.

(31) Sterling, W. L., D. Jones, & D. A. Dean.  1979.  Failure of the red imported fire ant to reduce entomophagous insect and spider abundance in a cotton agroecosystem.  Environ. Entomol.  8:976-981.

(32) Holtzer, T. O., & W. L. Sterling.  1980.  Ovipositional preference of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus, and distribution of eggs among host plant species.  Environ. Entomol.  9:236-240.

(33) Pyke, B., W. Sterling, & A. Hartstack.  1980.  Beat and shake bucket sampling of cotton terminals for cotton fleahoppers, other pests, and predators. Environ. Entomol.  9:572-576.

(34) Agnew, C. W., & W. L. Sterling. 1981.  Predation of boll weevils in partially-open cotton bolls by the red imported fire ant. Southwest. Entomol. 6:215-219.

(35) Agnew, C. W., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1981.  Notes on the Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae of eastern Texas with keys for their identification. Southwest. Entomol. Supplement 4:1-20.

(36) McDaniel, S. G., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1981.  Predators of tobacco budworm larvae in Texas cotton. Southwest. Entomol. 6:102-108.

(37) Agnew, C. W., & W. L. Sterling. 1982.  Predation rates of the red imported fire ant on eggs of the tobacco budworm. Prot. Ecol. 4:151-158.

(38) Agnew, C. W., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1982.  Influence of cotton nectar on red imported fire ants and other predators. Environ. Entomol. 11:629-634.

(39) Dean, D. A., W. L. Sterling, & N. V. Horner. 1982.  Spiders in eastern Texas cotton fields.  J. Arachno­l. 10:251-260.

(40) Eger, J. E., Jr., J. A. Witz, A. W. Hartstack, Jr., & W. L. Sterling. 1982.  Survival of pupae of Heliothis virescens and Heliothis zea (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) at low temperatures.  Can. Entomol.  114:289-301.

(41) Eger, J. E., W. L. Sterling, & A. W. Hartstack, Jr. 1982.  Population dynamics of Heliothis spp. on Castil­leja indivisa, an unreported host plant, and Lupinus texensis in Texas.  Environ. Entomol.  11:327-333. 

(42) Hartstack, A. W., J. D. Lopez, R. A. Muller, W. L. Sterling, E. G. King, J. A. Witz, & A. C. Eversull.  1982.  Evidence of long-range migration of Heliothis zea (Boddie) into Texas and Arkansas.  Southwest. Ento­mol. 7:188-201. 

(43) McDaniel, S. G., & W. L. Sterling. 1982.  Predation of Heliothis virescens (F.) eggs on cotton in East Texas. Environ. Entomol. 11:60-66.  

(44) Rothrock, M. A., & W. L. Sterling. 1982.  A compari­son of three sequential sampling packages for arthro­pods in cotton. Southwest. Entomol. 7:39-49.

(45) Rothrock, M. A., & W. L. Sterling. 1982.  Sequential sampling for arthropods of cotton: its advantages over point sampling. Southwest. Entomol. 7:70-81.

(46) Williamson, D. G., & W. L. Sterling. 1982.  Rearing the cotton leafworm, Alabama argillacea (Hubner), on seedling cotton. Southwest. Entomol.  7:221-224.

(47) Eger, J. E., Jr., W. L. Sterling, & A. W. Hartstack, Jr. 1983.  Winter survival of the tobacco budworm and the bollworm in an insectary.  Southwest. Entomol. 8:80-88.

(48) Eger, J. E., Jr., W. L. Sterling, & A. W. Hartstack, Jr. 1983.  Winter survival of Heliothis virescens and Heliothis zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in College Station, Texas.  Environ. Entomol. 12:970-975.

(49) Fillman, D. A., & W. L. Sterling. 1983.  Killing power of the red imported fire ant: [Hym.: Formicidae] a key predator of the boll weevil [Col.: Curculionidae]. Entomophaga 28:339-344.

(50) Fillman, D. A., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1983.  Precision of several sampling techniques for foraging red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers in cotton fields.  J. Econ. Entomol.  76:748-751.

(51) Goodenough, J. L., P. C. Jank, L. E. Carroll, W. L. Sterling, E. J. Redman, & J. A. Witz. 1983.  Collecting and preserving airborne arthropods in liquid at timed intervals with a Johnson-Taylor-type suction trap. J. Econ. Entomol. 76:960-963.

(52) Gravena, S., & W. L. Sterling. 1983.  Natural preda­tion on the cotton leafworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 76:779-784.

  

(53) Reilly, J. J., & W. L. Sterling. 1983.  Dispersion patterns of the red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera:For­micidae), aphids, and some predaceous in­sects in east Texas cotton fields.  Environ. Entomol. 12:380-385.

(54) Reilly, J. J., & W. L. Sterling. 1983.  Interspeci­fic association between the red imported fire ant  (Hy­menoptera: Formicidae), aphids, and some predaceous insects in a cotton agroecosystem.  Environ. Entomol. 12:541-545.

(55) Sterling, W. L., D. A. Dean, D. A. Fillman, & D. Jones. 1984.  Natural­ly-occurring biological control of the boll weevil. (Col.: Curculionidae). Entomophaga 29:1-9.

(56) Sterling, W. L., E. Bleicher, & F. M. M. de Jesus. 1983.  Um programa de manejo integrado para insetos do algodoeiro no nordeste do Brasil usando amostragem sequencial.  Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil. 12:85-98.

(57) Nuessly, G. S., & W. L. Sterling. 1984. Comparison of D-vac and modified drop cloth methods for sampling arthropods in cotton. Southwest. Entomol. 9:95-103.

(58) Gravena, S., W. Sterling, & A. Dean. 1985.  Abstracts, references, and keywords of publications relating to the cotton leafworm, Alabama argillacea (Huebner), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Thomas Say Series. Vol. 10. p. 1-136.

(59) Fillman, D. A., & W. L. Sterling. 1985. Inaction levels for the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (Hym.: Formicidae): a predator of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Col.: Curculionidae). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 13:93-102. 

(60) Dean, D. A., & W. L. Sterling. 1985.  Size and phenology of ballooning spiders in eastern Texas.  J. Arachnol.  13:111-120.

(61) Montandon, R., H. J. Williams, W. L. Sterling, R. D. Stipanovic, & S. B. Vinson. 1986.  Comparison of the development of Alabama argillacea (Huebner) and Helio­this virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed glanded and glandless cotton leaves.  Environ. Entomol. 15:128-131.

(62) Nuessly, G. S., & W. L. Sterling. 1986.  Distribution of 32p in laboratory colonies of Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) after feeding on labelled Heliothis zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs: an ex­planation of discrepancies encountered in field preda­tion experiments. Environ. Entomol. 15:1279-1285. 

(63) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1986.  Feeding habits of the spiders Cyclosa turbinata (Walckenaer) and Lycosa rabida Walckenaer. Southwest. Entomol. 11:195-201.

(64) Sturm, M. M., & W. L. Sterling. 1986.  Boll weevil mortality factors within flower buds of cotton.  Bull. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 32: 239-247.

(65) Dean, D. A., W. L. Sterling, M. Nyffeler, & R. G. Breene. 1987.  Foraging by selected spider predators on the cotton fleahopper and other prey.  Southwest. Entomol. 12:263-270.

(66) Grisham, M. P., W. L. Sterling, R. D. Powell, &  P. W. Morgan. 1987.  Characterization of the induction of stress ethylene synthesis in cotton caused by the cotton fleahopper (Hemiptera: Miridae) and its micro­organisms.  Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 80:411-416.

(67) Martin, W. R., Jr., M. P. Grisham, C. M. Kenerley, W. L. Sterling, & P. W. Morgan. 1987.  Microorganisms asso­ciated with cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Heteroptera: Miridae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 80:251-255.

(68) Montandon, R., R. D. Stipanovic, H. J. Williams, W. L. Sterling, & S. B. Vinson. 1987.  Nutritional indices and excretion of gossypol by Alabama argillacea (Hueb­ner) and Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noc­tuidae) fed glanded and glandless cotyledonary cotton leaves. J. Econ. Entomol. 80:32-36.

(69) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1987.  Feeding ecology of the orb-weaving spider Argiope auran­tia (Araneae: Araneidae) in a cotton agroecosystem.  Entomophaga 32:367-375.

(70) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1987.  Predation by the green lynx spider, Peucetia viridans (Araneae: Oxyopidae), inhabiting cotton and woolly croton plants in east Texas. Environ. Entomol. 16:355-359.

(71) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1987.  Evaluation of the importance of the striped lynx spider, Oxyopes salticus (Araneae: Oxyopidae), as a predator in Texas cotton. Environ. Entomol. 16:1114-1123.

(72) Breene, R. G., & W. L. Sterling. 1988.  Quantitative phosphorus-32 labeling method for analysis of predators of the cotton fleahopper (Hemiptera: Miridae).  J. Econ. Entomol. 81:1494-1498.

(73) Breene, R. G., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1988.  Spider and ant predators of the cotton fleahopper on woolly croton.  Southwest Entomol. 13:177-183.

(74) Dean, D. A., M. Nyffeler, & W. L. Sterling. 1988.  Natural enemies of spiders: mud dauber wasps in east Texas.  Southwest. Entomol. 13:283-290.

(75) Martin, W. R., Jr., P. W. Morgan, W. L. Sterling, & C. M. Kenerley. 1988.  Cotton fleahopper and associated microorganisms as components in the production of stress ethylene by cotton. Plant Phys. 87:280-285.

(76) Martin, W. R., Jr., P. W. Morgan, W. L. Sterling, & R. W. Meola. 1988.  Stimulation of stress ethylene production in cotton by salivary enzymes of the cotton fleahopper (Heteroptera: Miridae). Environ. Entomol. 17:930-935.

(77) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1988.  Prey records of the web-building spiders Dictyna segregata (Dictynidae), Theridion australe (Theridi­idae), Tidarren haemorrhoidale (Theridiidae), and Frontinella pyramitela (Linyphiidae) in a cotton agroecosystem. Southwest. Nat. 33:215-218.

(78) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1988.  The southern black widow spider, Lactrodectus mactans (Araneae, Theridiidae), as a predator of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), in Texas cotton fields.  J. Appl. Entomol. 106:52-57.

(79) Stewart, S. D., & W. L. Sterling. 1988.  Dynamics and impact of cotton fruit abscission and survival.  Environ. Entomol. 17:629-635.

(80) Breene, R. G., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1989.  Predators of the cotton fleahopper on cotton.  Southwest. Entomol. 14:159-166.

(81) Breene, R. G., A. W. Hartstack, W. L. Sterling, & M. Nyffeler. 1989.  Natural control of the cotton fleahopper Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Texas.  J. Appl. Entomol.  108:298-305.

(82) Burden, B. J., P. W. Morgan, & W. L. Sterling. 1989.  Indole-acetic acid and the ethylene precusor, ACC, in the cotton fleahopper (Hemiptera: Miridae) and their role in cotton square abscission.  Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 82:476-480. 

(83) Legaspi, B. A. C., Jr., W. L. Sterling, A. W. Hartstack, & D. A. Dean. 1989.  Testing the interactions of pest-predator-plant components of the TEXCIM model.  Environ. Entomol. 18:157-163.

(84) Martin, W. R., Jr., W. L. Sterling, C. M. Kenerley, & P. W. Morgan. 1988.  Transmission of bacterial blight of cotton, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Malvacearum, by feeding of the cotton fleahopper: implications for stress ethylene-induced square loss in cotton. J. Entomol. Sci. 23:161-168.

(85) Nyffeler, M, D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1989.  Prey selection and predatory importance of orb-weaving spiders (Araneae: Araneidae, Uloboridae) in Texas cotton. Environ. Entomol. 18:373-380.

(86) Stewart, S. D., & W. L. Sterling. 1989.  Susceptibility of cotton fruiting forms to insects, boll rot and physical stress.  J. Econ. Entomol. 82:593-598.

(87) Stewart, S. D., & W. L. Sterling. 1989.  Causes and temporal patterns of cotton fruit abscission.  J. Econ. Entomol. 82:954-959.

(88) Breene, R. G., W. R. Martin, Jr., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1989.  Rearing methods for the cotton fleahopper.  Southwest. Entomol.  14:249-253.

(89) Nyffeler, M., R. G. Breene, D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling. 1990.  Spiders as predators of arthropod eggs. J. Appl. Entomol. 109:490-501.

(90) Sturm, M. M., W. L. Sterling, & A. W. Hartstack. 1990.  Role of natural mortality in boll weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) management programs. J. Econ. Entomol. 83:1-7.

(91) Sturm, M. M., & W. L. Sterling. 1990.  Geographical patterns of boll weevil mortality: observations and hypothesis. Environ. Entomol. 19:59-65.

(92) Sterling, W., A. Dean, & J. Witz. 1990.  Partitioning boll weevil mortality associated with high temperature: desiccation or thermal death?  Environ. Entomol. 19:1457-1462.

(93) Breene, R. G., W. L. Sterling, & M. Nyffeler. 1990.  Efficacy of spider and ant predators on the cotton fleahopper [Hemiptera: Miridae]. Entomophaga 35:393-401.

(94) Dean, D. A., & W. L. Sterling. 1990.  Seasonal patterns of spiders captured in a suction trap. Southwest. Entomol. 15: 399-412.

(95) Brinkley, C. K., R. T. Ervin & W. L. Sterling. 1991.  Potential beneficial impact of red imported fire ant to Texas cotton production.  Biol. Agric. Hort. 8: 145-152.

(96) Nuessly, G. S., A. W. Hartstack, J. A. Witz, & W. L. Sterling. 1991. Dislodgement of Heliothis zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs from cotton due to wind and rain: a predictive model.  Ecol. Modeling.  55: 89-102.

(97) Sterling, W. L., M. N. Shaaban, & A. Dean. 1992.  Using the TEXCIM40 model to simulate the effect of insecticide type on the costs of pest resurgence. Bull. ent. Soc. Egypt 19: 73-86.

(98) Sterling, W.L., A. Dean & N. Abd El-Salam.  1992. Economic benefits of spider (Araneae) and insect (Hemiptera: Miridae) predators of cotton fleahoppers. J. Econ. Entomol. 85: 52-57.

(99) Sterling, W., T. Wilson, & F. Gilstrap.  1992.  Contaminated experiments: a flaw that underestimates the effects of natural enemies. Am. Entomol. 38: 88.

(100) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean, & W. L. Sterling.  1992. Impact of the striped lynx spider (Araneae: Oxyopidae) and other natural enemies on the cotton fleahopper (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Texas cotton. Environ. Entomol. 21: 1178-1188.

(101) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean & W. L. Sterling. 1992. Diets, feeding specialization, and predatory role of two lynx spiders, Oxyopes salticus and Peucetia viridans (Araneae: Oxyopidae), in a Texas cotton agroecosystem. Environ. Entomol. 21: 1457-1465.

(102) Nuessly, G. S. & W. L. Sterling. 1994. Mortality of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs in cotton as a function of oviposition sites, predator species, and desiccation. Environ. Entomol. 23: 1189-1202.

(103)  Nyffeler, M. & W. L. Sterling.  1994.  Comparison of the feeding niche of polyphagous insectivores (Araneae) in a Texas cotton plantation: Estimates of niche breadth and overlap.  Environ. Entomol. 23: 1294-1303.

(104) Nyffeler, M., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1994.  How spiders make a living. Environ Entomol. (In press).

(105) Nyffeler, M., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1994. Insectivorous activities of spiders in U.S. field crops. J. Appl. Entomol.  118:113-128.

Technical Bulletins or Articles:

(1) Adkisson, P. L., D. R. Rummel, & W. L. Sterling. 1965.  A two-phase control program for reducing dia­pause boll weevil populations on the High Plains of Texas, 1965. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn., Dept. of Ento­mol., Tech. Rep. No. 2. 7pp.

(2) Sterling, W. L., & P. L. Adkisson. 1966.  Differen­ces in the diapause response of boll weevils from the High Plains and Central Texas and the significance of this phenomenon in revising present fall insecticidal control programs. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 1047. 7pp.

(3) Adkisson, P. L., D. R. Rummel, W. L. Sterling, & W. L. Owen, Jr. 1966.  Diapause boll weevil control: a comparison of two methods. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 1054. 11pp.

(4) Rummel, D. R., W. L. Sterling, & P. L. Adkisson. 1967.  Evaluation of the 1966 diapause boll weevil control program on the High Plains of Texas. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Dept. of Entomol., Tech. Rep. No. 8.  11pp.

(5) Sterling, W. L., P. L. Adkisson, & D. R. Rummel. 1967.  Effects of the diapause boll weevil control program on the size and rate of increase of boll weevil populations in the High Plains of Texas.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Dept. of Entomol., Tech. Rep. No. 7. 11pp.

(6) Walker, J. K., Jr., M. Shepard, & W. L. Sterling. 1970.  Effect of insecticide applications for the cotton fleahopper on beneficial insects and spiders. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Prog. Rep. 2755.  11pp.

(7) Sterling, W. L., & P. L. Adkisson. 1971.  Seasonal biology of the boll weevil in the High and Rolling Plains of Texas as compared with previous biological studies of this insect.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. 993. 12pp.

(8) Coppedge, J. R., W. L. Sterling, R. L. Ridgway, R. E. Kinzer, & C. J. Whitten. 1972.  Foliar applications of selected insecticides for control of methyl para­thion-resistant tobacco budworms.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Prog. Rep. 3087:49-53.

(9) Sterling, W. L., & F. W. Plapp. 1972.  Insecticide dosage-mortality studies on the cotton fleahopper in 1971. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Prog. Rep. 3091:93-100.

(10) Shepard, M., & W. Sterling. 1972.  Effects of early season applications of insecticides on beneficial insects and spiders in cotton. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Pub. 1045. 14pp.

(11) Thomas, J. G., W. H. Newton, P. J. Hamman, P. L. Adkisson, D. G. Bottrell, W. L. Sterling, J. K. Walker, R. L. Ridgway, and J. R. Coppedge. 1972.  Aldicarb (Temik) use on cotton in Texas. Texas Agric. Ext. Serv. Entomol. Notes 13: 3 pp.

(12) Sterling, W. L., & R. L. Haney. 1973.  Cotton yields climb, costs drop through pest management systems.  Tex. Agric. Prog. 19:4-7.

(13) Sterling, W., & E. Pieters. 1973.  A sequen­tial sampling plan for the cotton fleahopper, Pseuda­tomoscelis seriatus (Reuter).  Tex. Agric. Ext. Serv. Leafl. L-1090, 8pp.

(14) McInnis, H. L., G. I. Nakamura, & W. L. Sterling. 1973.  Entomology data base users guide using the IPM Port-A-Punch System. Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Dept. of Entomol., Tech. Rep. 73-21.  121pp.

(15) Pieters, E. P., & W. L. Sterling. 1973.  Comparison of sampling techniques for cotton arthropods in Texas.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. 1120.  8pp.

(16) Sterling, W. L. 1974.  Sampling problems with cotton insects.  Pages 22-23.  In The principles, strategies and tactics of pest population regulation and control in major crop ecosystems.  Proc. IPM Workshop on eval­uation of the role of predators in crop ecosystems (Bottrell, D. G. and C. B. Huffaker, eds.)  Internat. Ctr. Biol. Control.  Albany, Calif.  32pp. 

(17) Almand, L. K., W. L. Sterling, & C. L. Green.  1974.  A collapsible truck mounted aerial net for insect samp­ling.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ.  1189.  4pp.

(18) Sterling, W. L., & P. L. Adkisson.  1974.  Seasonal incidence of diapause and reproduction in boll weevils inhabiting the High and Rolling Plains of Texas.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ.  1145.  9pp.

(19) Sterling, W. L., & E. P. Pieters.  1974.  A sequen­tial sampling package for key cotton arthropods in Texas.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Dept. of Entomol., Tech. Rep.  74-32.  28pp.

(20) Casey, J. E., R. D. Lacewell, & W. L. Sterling.  1974.  Economic and environmental implications of cotton production under a new cotton pest management system.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ.  1152.  19pp.

(21) Sterling, W. L.  1975.  Sequential sampling of cotton insect populations.  In Proceedings of the 27th Belt­wide Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference.  Nat. Cotton Council, Memphis, Tenn.  pp. 133-135.

(22) Sterling, W. L., & E. P. Pieters.  1975.  Sequential sampling for key arthropods of cotton.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Dept. of Entomol., Tech. Rep.  75-24.  21pp.

(23) Sterling, W. L.  1976.  Sequential sampling plans developed for use in pest management programs.  Univ. Queensland I.P.M.U. Research Paper 1976.  1.  14pp.

(24) Gaylor, M. J., & W. L. Sterling.  1975.  Simulated rainfall and wind as factors dislodging nymphs of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), from cotton plants.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Prog. Rep. 3356.  2pp.

(25) Gaylor, M. J., & W. L. Sterling.  1975.  Cotton fleahopper egg deposition on cotton as affected by cotton growth stage and other hosts.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Prog. Rep.  3358.  2pp.

(26) Gaylor, M. J., & W. L. Sterling.  1976.  Effects of temperature and host plants on population dynamics of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomo­scelis seriatus.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull.  1161.  8pp.

(27) Almand, L. K., W. L. Sterling, & C. L. Green.  1976.  Seasonal abundance and dispersal of cotton flea­hopper as related to host plant phenology.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 1170.  15pp.

(28) Sterling, W. L., & D. A. Dean.  1977.  A bibliography of the cotton fleahopper.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. 1342.  28pp.

(29) Sterling, W. L., G. C. Gaumer, J. Hafernik, & D. A. Dean.  1978.  A checklist of insects found on cotton in East Texas.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ.  1366.  6pp.

(30) Sterling, W. L.  1978.  Imported fire ant may wear a gray hat.  Tex. Agric. Prog. 24:19-20.

(31) Heilman, M. D., L. N. Namken, R. H. Dilday, & W. L. Sterling.  1978.  The effect of seedling terminal da­mage by Heliothis virescens (F.) on fruiting charac­teristics and earliness of two cotton genotypes.  p.84.  In: Proceedings of the 31st Beltwide Cotton Insect Research and Control Conference.  

(32) Sterling, W. L., & R. Frisbie.  1981.  Sequential sampling.  Pages 24-29 In Cotton pest management scout­ing handbook. J. Hamner (ed.) Miss. Coop. Ext. Publ.  48pp.

(33) Sterling, W. L. (Chmn.) 1981.  Upper Gulf Coast Pest Management Plan.  Pages 48-59.  In A Statewide Pest Management Plan for Texas. R. E. Frisbie (ed.) Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 1378. 82pp.

(34) Turney, H. A. (Chmn.), R. L. Hanna, M. F. Schuster, W. L. Sterling, J. W. Robinson, L. M. Vaughn, & W. H. Lembera.  1981.  East Texas Pest Management Plan.  Pages 40-43.  In A Statewide Pest Management Plan for Texas.  R. E. Frisbie (ed.) Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull.  1378.  82pp.

(35) Cole, C. L. (Chmn.), J. R. Ables, D. L. Bull, J. R. Cate, F. E. Gilstrap, R. L. Hanna, G. A. Niles, W. L. Sterling, B. W. Swaim, J. G. Thomas,  & J. K. Walker.  1981.  Central Texas River Bottoms Pest Management Plan.  Pages 44-46.  In A State-Wide Pest Management Plan for Texas.  R. E. Frisbie (ed.) Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 1378.  82pp.

(36) Morgan, P. W., R. D. Powell, M. P. Grisham, W. L. Sterling, & L. Cooper.  1983.  Fleahopper induction of stress ethylene production in cotton.  Proc. Belt­wide Cotton Prod. Res. Conf., Nat. Cotton Council, Memphis, TN.  pp. 54-55.

(37) Bohmfalk, G. T., R. E. Frisbie, W. L. Sterling, R. B. Metzer, & A. E. Knutson.  1983.  Identification, biology and sampling of cotton insects.  Texas Agric. Ext. Serv. Bull. 933. 43pp.

(38) Sterling, W. L. 1984. Action and inaction levels in pest management. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. B-1480. 20pp.

(39) Hartstack, A. W., & W. L. Sterling. 1986.  Texas cotton fleahopper model users guide. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. MP-1595.  68pp.

(40) Sterling, W. L., & A. W. Hartstack. 1986.  The Texas cotton fleahopper model. Pages 97-101. In K. Koonce et al., LSU Agricultural Computing Conference and Trade Show. LSU Agric. Center Pub.

(41) Dean, D. A., & W. L. Sterling.  1987.  Distribution and abundance patterns of spiders inhabiting cotton in Texas.  Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. B-1566. 8pp.

(42) Sterling, W. L., & A. W. Hartstack. 1987.  TEXCIM - A Fleahopper-Heli­othis-Plant model for on farm use.  Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conference.  Nat. Cotton Council, Memphis, TN. pp. 258-259.   

(43) Stewart, S. D., & W. L. Sterling. 1987.  Economic value of fruit based on size and time of season.  Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conference.  Nat. Cotton Council, Memphis, TN.  pp. 256-258.

(44) Hartstack, A. W., & W. L. Sterling.  1988.  Estimating fruit value with TEXCIM.  Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conference, Nat. Cotton Council, Memphis, TN.  pp. 370-374.

(45) Hartstack, A. W., & W. L. Sterling.  1988.  TEXCIM23: The Texas cotton-insect model.  Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. MP 1646.  38pp.

(46) Sterling, W. L., & A. W. Hartstack.  1988.  Economics of early-season fleahopper control in Texas.  Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conference.  Nat. Cotton Council, Memphis, TN. pp. 374-379.

(47) Hartstack, A. W., & W. L. Sterling.  1989.  TEXCIM30: The Texas cotton insect model.  Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. MP-1646.  (Revised).  105pp.

(48) Sterling, W. L., A. W. Hartstack, & D. A. Dean.  1989.  Conventions and protocol for testing and using the TEXCIM management model.  Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Dept. of Entomology Tech. Rept., DTR 89-03.

(49) Sterling, W. L., & D. A. Dean. 1989.  Evidence of the need for improving the mortality component of boll weevil models.  Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Dept. Entomol. Tech. Rept. 89-02.

(50) Sterling, W., A. Hartstack, & D. A. Dean.  1989.  TEXCIM: Synthesis and hypothesis.  Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Dept. Entomol. Tech. Rept. DTR 89-01.

(51) Stewart, S. D., W. L. Sterling, & A. W. Hartstack.  1989.  Age, location, compensation, and the economic value of cotton fruit.  Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. MP-1673,  12pp.

(52) Sturm, M. M., W. L. Sterling, & A. Dean. 1989.  Life tables and key mortality factors of boll weevils in Texas. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. 1675, College Station.

(53) Sterling, W., A. Dean, & A. Hartstack. 1990. TEXCIM40 demonstration disks. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Dept. Entomol. Tech. Rept. DTR 90-01.

(54) Sterling, W., A. Hartstack, & A. Dean.  1990.  TEXCIM40: Testing and use on the farm.  Beltwide Cotton Prod. Res. Conf., Nat. Cotton Council.  Memphis, TN.

(55) Hartstack, A., W. Sterling, & A. Dean.  1990.  Using TEXCIM40.  Proc. Beltwide Cotton Res. Conf., Nat. Cotton Council.  Memphis, TN.

(56) Hartstack, A. W., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1990.  TEXCIM40: the Texas cotton-insect model. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. MP-1646 (revised).

(57) Benedict, J. H., J. A. Landivar, B. R. Eddleman, D. R. Ring, A. W. Hartstack & W. L. Sterling. 1991.  ICEMM, an integrated crop ecosystem management model: insect pest component. Proc. Beltwide Cotton Res. Conf., Nat. Cotton Council, Memphis, TN.

(58) Hartstack, A. W., W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean. 1991.  TEXCIM41: the Texas cotton-insect model. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. MP-1646 (revised).

(59) Dean, D. A. & W. L. Sterling.  1992.  Phenology of predaceous arthropods in an agrocecosystem and inferences on colonization.  Tex. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. 1731.

(60) Sterling, W. L., A. W. Hartstack & D. A. Dean. 1992.  TEXCIM50: the Texas cotton-insect model. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. MP-1646 (revised).

(61) Nyffeler, M., D. A. Dean & W. L. Sterling.  1992.  Spiders associated with lemon horsemint (Monarda citriodora Cervantes) in east central Texas. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 1707.

(62) Sterling, W. L., D. A. Dean, A. W. Hartstack, S. Shahed & R. Burudgunte.  1993.  TEXCIM for Windows: the Texas cotton-insect model. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Publ. MP-1646 (revised).

Popular Articles:

(1) Sterling, W. L.  1971.  A complete protection system.  Prog. Farmer, Spring Bonus Issue.  pp.24-25.

(2) Sterling, W. L., & S. G. McDaniel.  1978.  The fire ant - friend or foe?  Farmer Stockman  91:6-7.

(3) Sterling, W. L., & A. W. Hartstack. 1989.  The TEXCIM Model. Cotton Magazine.

Films:

(1) Sterling, W. L., J. Whitman, & J. S. Hunt.  1979.  The beneficials:  Insects to control insects.  Seven minute film on value of insects to man with emphasis on insect and spider predators.

(2)  Booth, J., & W. L. Sterling. 1988.  Cotton entomology computer model.  Aired Nationwide Friday, July 22 on National Ag Day News by Tom Yagelski.

Abstracts:

(1) Sterling, W. L.  1973.  Sequential sampling for cotton insects.  Folia Entomol. Mexicana  55:25-26.

(2) "Discussion of pest management" Ecological Society of Australia Sympos­ium on Managing Terrestial Ecosystems, May 15, 1975, Brisbane, Austral­ia.

(3) "Economic thresholds" Eastern Branch Meeting of ESA, September 5, 1977, Boston, Massachusetts.

(4) Sterling, W. L.  1978.  Binomial sampling of cotton arthropods.  Folia Entomol. Mexicana  39-40:59-60.

(5) Sterling, W. L.  1983.  Sample sizes to estimate popu­lations of pest populations and beneficials.  Cotton Insect Research Conference Proceed­ings, Beltwide Cotton Conference.  San Antonio, Tx. p. 212.

(6) Sterling, W. L. 1983.  Naturally occurring biological control of the boll weevil. Consortium for IPM success stories.  Texas A&M Univ. Press. p. 153.

(7) Sterling, W. L., & A. W. Hartstack. 1985.  The Texas cotton fleahopper model. Corpus Christi Cotton Research Work­shop.

Review Chapters:

(1) Sterling, W. L., & C. Lincoln.  1978.  Survey, detec­tion and economic thresholds.  Pages 4-14 In The Boll Weevil:  Management Strategies.  So. Coop. Ser. Bull. 228.  130pp.

(2) Sterling, W. L., & E. P. Pieters.  1979.  Sequential decision sampli­ng.  In Economic Thresholds and Sampling of Heliothis Species on Cotton, Corn, Soybeans, and Other Host Plants.  So. Coop. Ser. Bull.  231: 85-101.

(3) Goodenough, J., W. L. Sterling, & others.  1986.  Effi­cacy of entomoph­agous arthropods. In Theory and Tactics of Heliothis population management.  I. Cultural and Biological Control.  S. J. Johnson, E. G. King, & J. R. Bradley, Jr. (eds.).  So. Coop. Ser. Bull. 316:75-91.

(4) Johnson, S. J., H. N. Pitre, J. E. Powell, & W. L. Sterling. 1986. Control of Heliothis spp. by conservation and importation of natural enemies. In Theory and Tactics of Heliothis population management.  I. Cultural and Biological Control.  S. J. Johnson, E. G. King, & J. R. Bradley, Jr. (eds.). So. Coop. Ser. Bull. 316:132-154.

(5) Sterling, W. L. 1987.  Developing sampling technologies for IPM impleme­ntation in cotton. In: Integrated pest management on major agricultural systems (National Academy of Science Symposium).  pp. 199-212.  R. E. Frisbie, & P. L. Adkisson (eds.) Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. MP-1616.

(6) Sterling, W. L. 1989. Estimating the abundance and impact of predators and parasites on Heliothis populations.  pp. 37-56.  In E. G. King & R. D. Jackson (eds.) Proceedings of the Workshop on: Bio­logical Control of Heliothis:  Increasing the Effectiveness of Natural Enemies.  11-15 Nov. 1985, New Delhi, India.  Far Eastern Regional Research Office, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Delhi, India.

(7) Sterling, W. L., K. M. El-Zik, & L. T. Wilson. 1989.  Biological control of Pest Populations.  In Integra­ted Pest Management Systems and Cotton Production. pp. 155-189.  Frisbie, El-Zik, & Wilson (eds.).  John Wiley, New York. 

(8) Sterling, W. L., L. T. Wilson, A. P. Gutierrez, D. R. Rummel, J. R. Phillips, N. D. Stone, & J. H. Benedict.  1989.  Strategies and tactics for managing insects and mites. In Integrated Pest Management Systems and Cotton Production.  pp. 267-325.  Frisbie, El-Zik, & Wilson (eds.). John Wiley, New York. 

(9) Wilson, L. T., W. L. Sterling, D. R. Rummel, & J. E. Devay. 1989. Quantitative sampling principles in cotton IPM. In Integrated Pest Managem­ent Systems and Cotton Production.  pp. 85-119. Frisbie, El-Zik, & Wilson (eds.). John Wiley, New York. 

(10) Martin, W. R., Jr., P. W. Morgan, W. L. Sterling, C. M. Kenerley, & R. W. Meola.  1989.  Stress ethylene production in a plant-insect-microbe system.  In Biochemical and physiological aspects of ethylene production in lower and higher plants. H. Clijsters, M. De Proft, R. Marcelle, and M. van Poucke (eds.) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

(11) Sterling, W. L. 1990.  Appropriate monitoring strategies for non-target populations. pp. 153-163 In Risk Assessment in Agricultural Biotechnology (eds. J. J. Marois & G. Bruening), Proc. International Conf., Aug. 1988. Univ. Calif. Davis.

(12) Sterling, W. L., A. W. Hartstack, & D. A. Dean.  1995.  Toward comprehensive economic thresholds for crop management.  In E. King & J. R. Phillips (eds.).  Cotton insects and mites:  characterization and management.  Cotton Foundation Reference Series Vol. 3, The Cotton Foundation, Memphis, TN.  (In press).

(13) Lopez, J., W. L. Sterling, D. A. Dean, D. Nordlund. 1995  Biology and ecology of important predators and parasites attacking arthropod pests.  In E. King & J. R. Phillips (eds.).  Cotton insects and mites:  characterization and management.  Cotton Foundation Reference Series Vol. 3, The Cotton Foundation, Memphis, TN.  (In press).

Bulletins Edited:

(1) Sterling, W. L. (Coor.), 1979.  Economic thresholds and sampling of Heliothis species on cotton, corn, soy­beans, and other host plants.  So. Coop. Serv. Bull. 231.  159pp.

Governmental Report:

(1) Abernathy, J. R., L. W. Bird, J. R. Cate, G. L. Curry, R. A. Frederickson, R. E. Frisbie, A. W. Hartstack, M. Heilman, J. A. Jackman, R. Lacewell, S. D. Lyda, R. B. Metzer, G. A. Niles, R. D. Palmer, D. R. Rummel, W. L. Sterling, C. R. Taylor, G. L. Teetes, J. K. Walker, A. F. Wiese, L. H. Wilkes, P. L. Adkisson, D. Pustejovsky, M. H. Schreiner, & J. G. Thomas.  1979.  Report of the regional work group:  present and future pest man­agement strategies in the control of the cotton and sorghum pests in Texas.  A part of the study - Alter­nate Pest Management Strategies in Food Production.  Submitted to Office of Technology Assessment, Congress of the United States, Washington, D. C., August, 1979.  123pp.

(2) Maxwell, F. G., W. A. Banks, J. L. Bagent, W. L. Buren, O. Franke, S. Risch, A. Sorenson, W. L. Sterling, & J. Stimac.  1982.  Population dynamics of the imported fire ant.  Pages 67-74, In Proc. of the Symposium on the Imported Fire Ant.  F. H. Tschirley, Coor., USDA, APHIS, EPA.  255pp.

Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations Supervised:

(1) Shepard, B. M.  1971.  Beneficial arthropods as affect­ed by insecticides and cotton genotypes in cotton fields near the upper gulf coast of Texas.  Ph.D. Dissertation.    Texas A&M University.  149pp.

(2) Pieters, E. P.  1973.  Spatial distributions and sam­pling of cotton arthropods with special reference to sequential sampling.  Ph.D. Dissertation.  Texas A&M University.  166pp.

(3) Quaison-Sackey, S.  1973.  Control of the cotton flea­hopper as related to early plant phenology and bene­ficial arthropods.  Report of Internship for M. Agric. Texas A&M University.  31pp.

(4) Almand, L. K.  1974.  Seasonal abundance, dispersal and control of the cotton fleahopper on certain host plants.  Ph.D. Dissertation.  Texas A&M University.  67pp.

(5) Gaylor, M. J.  1975.  Effects of temperature, host plants, rainfall, and photoperiod on population dyna­mics of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomo­scelis seria­tus (Reuter).  Ph.D. Dissertation.  Texas A&M Univer­sity.  85pp.

(6) Jones, D.  1979.  Temperature regulation of overwin­tered boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boheman, Coleop­tera:  Curculionidae) locomotory activity and biologi­cal suppression of their offspring.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University.  86pp.

(7) Agnew, C. W.  1981.  Factors influencing the suppres­sion of Heliothis spp. and Anthonomus grandis Boheman by the predator, Solenopsis invicta Buren, in a cotton agroecosystem.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University.  55pp.

(8) Eger, J. E.  1981.  Factors affecting winter survival of Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) and Heliothis zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera:Noctuida­e), and subsequent devel­opment on wild spring host plants.  Ph.D. Dissertation.  Texas A&M University.  156pp.

(9) Rothrock, M. A.  1981.  A comparison of sequential and point sample scouting for arthropods of cotton.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University.  69pp.

(10) Reilly, J. J.  1982.  Interspecific association and dispersion patterns of the red imported fire ant, aphids and some predaceous insects in a cotton agroeco­system.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University.  60pp.

(11) Fillman, D. A.  1982.  Natural control of the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis Boheman,  Coleoptera: Curcu­lionidae) by the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren, Hymenoptera: Formicidae).  M.S.  The­sis, Texas A&M University.  58pp.

(12) Nuessly, G. S. 1986.  Mortality of Heliothis zea eggs affected by predator species, oviposition sites, and rain and wind dislodgement. Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A&M University. 206pp.

(13) Martin, W. R. 1987.  Interaction of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomosc­elis seriatus (Reuter), and associated microorganisms in the induction of stress ethylene by the cotton plant.  Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A&M University. 97pp.

(14) Burden, B. J. 1987.  The association of the cotton flea­hopper (Pseudato­moscelis seriatus) Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae) with IAA and 1-amino­cyclo­propane-1-carboxylic acid and their role in cotton square abscis­sion.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University, 58 pp.

(15) Montandon, R. 1987.  Effects of natural glandular cotton chemicals on the life histories of specialist (Alabama argillacea (Huebner)) and generalist (Heliothis virescens (F.)) insects.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University, 65pp.

(16) Stewart, S. D. 1987.  Impact of insects and physical stress on cotton fruit abscission, retention, compensation and economic value.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University, 135pp.

(17) Breene, R. G.  1988.  Predation ecology and natural control of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter). Ph.D. Dissertation, Texas A&M University, 98pp.

(18) Sturm, M. M.  1989.  Natural mortality of the boll weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Texas.  M.S. Thesis, Texas A&M University, 162pp.

MANUSCRIPTS IN REVEW:

(1) Martin, W. R. Jr., R. G. Breene, W. L. Sterling, & D. A. Dean.  1993.  Bionomics of the cotton fleahopper.  J. Entomol. Sci. (In preparation).

(2) Sterling, W., N. M. Abd El-Salam, A. Hartstack, & D. A. Dean.  1993.  Comparing pheromone trap catches and field counts for forecasting the cost of pest injury.  Texas Agric. Exp. Sta. Misc. Publ. (In preparation).

(3) Sterling, W., N. M. Abd El-Salam, A. Hartstack, & A. Dean.  1993.  Ecological economics and cotton insect pest management: Forecasting with the TEXCIM40 model.  Environ. Entomol. (In preparation).

(4) Sterling, W. L., M. N. Shaaban, R. Lacewell, & A. Dean. 1993.  Costs of herbivore resurgence. J. Alternative Agric. (In review).

(5) Sterling, W. L., & D. A. Dean. 1993.  Phenology of predators in a cotton agroecosystem. Environ. Entomol. (In preparation).

(6) Sterling, W. L., & D. A. Dean. 1993.  Natural control of cotton insects. Thomas Say Foundation. (In preparation).

(7) Sterling, W. L., & D. A. Dean. 1993.  Testing the economic thresholds of the key pests of cotton. J. Econ. Entomol. (In preparation).

(8) Sterling, W. L. 1993.  Benefits of the red imported fire ant. Southwest. Entomol. (In preparation).

(9) Youssef, H., N. M. Abd El-Salam, W. L. Sterling & A. D. Dean. 1994. Calibrating the TEXCIM50 model for Egyptian cotton. Al-Azhar J. Agric. Res. 18: (in press).

WORKSHOPS:

(1) TEXCIM 2.3 Workshop, March 1-3, 1988.  Entomology Laboratory, Texas A&M University.

(2) TEXCIM30 Workshop I, January 10-11, 1989.  Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University.

(3) TEXCIM30 Workshop II, March 7-9, 1989.  TAES Lubbock.

(4) TEXCIM for Windows Workshop III, June 8-9, 1993. New Mexico St. University, Las Cruces.

Significant Events:

1971 Bought Woodvine (Wickson Bend)

1987  Bought Travco motorhome for weekend adventures.

1991 Retired half-time from Texas A&M University on August 31, traded labs with Dr. Vinson and began TEXCIM laboratory. 

1995 Retired full-time from Texas A&M University; sold home and moved out of our home on February 27, 1995 into Winnebago Vectra where we lived full-time as we travelled the USA, Canada and Mexico.

2005  Bought a home for Woodvine and began part-time RVing

2016  Sold last Winnebago View and live full-time at Woodvine

 

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